Wormery (Vermicomposting)
Method
A wormery uses composting worms, usually tiger or brandling worms, to turn modest amounts of kitchen scraps into fine worm compost. It is a good choice for flats, patios and small gardens because it is compact and can work through much of the year when protected from temperature extremes.
How it works
The worms live in damp bedding made from coir, shredded paper or cardboard. Add small amounts of chopped vegetable peelings, fruit scraps and coffee grounds, then cover each feed with bedding. The worms and microbes process the food into dark castings while liquid drains into a reservoir on suitable wormeries. Keep conditions airy, moist and mild: overfeeding, waterlogging or acidic waste can make the bin smell and drive worms away. Harvest finished worm compost from the lower or older section, leaving worms and cocoons behind to continue working.
Details
Site a wormery in shade, protected from frost, strong sun and heavy rain. Feed little and often at first, increasing only when previous food has largely disappeared. Balance wetter scraps with torn cardboard and avoid large quantities of citrus, onions or spicy scraps. Do not add meat, fish, dairy, cooked food, dog or cat waste, as home wormeries can attract vermin and become unpleasant; bokashi can handle food waste that a wormery cannot. Dilute collected liquid only if the manufacturer advises it, and use it promptly rather than storing it.
Tips
If worms gather on the lid, check for excess wetness, heat or sour smells and add dry bedding. Freeze surplus peelings, then thaw and feed sparingly, to make them easier to process. Use worm compost as a valuable ingredient in potting mixes or as a light top-dressing, rather than as the only growing medium.
Wormery (Vermicomposting): frequently asked questions
How does wormery (vermicomposting) work?
The worms live in damp bedding made from coir, shredded paper or cardboard.
What do I need to know about wormery (vermicomposting)?
Site a wormery in shade, protected from frost, strong sun and heavy rain.
What are some tips for wormery (vermicomposting)?
If worms gather on the lid, check for excess wetness, heat or sour smells and add dry bedding.
General guidance for UK gardens and allotments. Page updated 18 Sep 2026.