How to Grow Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia)
Perennial
Black-eyed Susans, usually grown as perennial Rudbeckias, bring cheerful golden daisy flowers with dark central cones to late-summer borders. They are robust, upright plants with a relaxed prairie character and excellent staying power in a sunny site. Their bright colour is particularly welcome as many early-season flowers begin to fade.
Planting
Plant perennial rudbeckias in April or May, after the last spring frost, or in September while soil remains warm. Choose full sun and fertile, moisture-retentive but well-drained ground. Incorporate garden compost before planting and space plants 45 to 60 cm apart, depending on the cultivar. Water well during the first growing season. In colder northern districts, spring planting gives plants time to establish before winter, while autumn planting works well in milder southern gardens.
Care
Water young plants regularly in dry weather and mulch in spring to conserve moisture. Taller cultivars may need discreet support in exposed sites. Remove faded flowers to prolong blooming, though leaving a few seedheads later in autumn adds winter interest. Cut old stems down in late winter. Divide established clumps in spring every few years if flowering becomes sparse or the centre dies out.
Bloom time
Perennial rudbeckias usually flower from July to October, with the best display often in August and September. Mild southern gardens may see blooms into November, while cooler Scottish gardens tend to finish earlier. Yellow petals surround dark brown or blackish central cones that attract many insects.
Garden uses
Use Rudbeckia in sunny herbaceous borders, prairie-style planting, large containers and cut-flower gardens. Their golden tones combine particularly well with purple asters, blue salvias and ornamental grasses. They are valuable nectar plants for bees and butterflies, making them a natural fit for RHS Plants for Pollinators-inspired planting.
Tips
Give plants enough space and avoid overfeeding, which can produce floppy growth. Select a reliably perennial cultivar, as some Rudbeckias are short-lived or grown as annuals. Deadhead regularly for the longest colour season. If a plant becomes crowded, lift and divide it in spring, retaining healthy, vigorous outer sections.
Growing Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia): frequently asked questions
How do I grow black-eyed susan (rudbeckia) in the UK?
Plant perennial rudbeckias in April or May, after the last spring frost, or in September while soil remains warm.
When does black-eyed susan (rudbeckia) flower?
Perennial rudbeckias usually flower from July to October, with the best display often in August and September.
How do I care for black-eyed susan (rudbeckia)?
Water young plants regularly in dry weather and mulch in spring to conserve moisture.
General guidance for UK gardens. Timing and hardiness vary by region and season; the RHS or a local garden centre can advise for your area. Page updated 19 Sep 2026.