How to Grow Peony
Perennial
Peonies are sumptuous, long-lived border perennials, valued for their generous early-summer flowers and handsome divided foliage. Given a sunny, well-drained place, they can remain productive for decades. Their roots dislike disturbance, so choose the position carefully and allow young plants time to settle before expecting a full display.
Planting
Plant bare-root peony crowns from October to March, preferably in autumn while the soil is still warm. Set them in fertile, well-drained soil in full sun, with the buds no more than 2.5 cm below the surface; planting deeply is a common reason for poor flowering. Space plants about 75 cm apart, water them in, and avoid moving established clumps. Container-grown plants can be planted in spring or autumn, provided the ground is not frozen or waterlogged.
Care
Water newly planted peonies during dry spells in their first season. In spring, spread a light mulch of well-rotted organic matter around, rather than over, the crown. Support tall, double-flowered types before buds open, then remove faded flowers and any diseased foliage. Cut stems down in autumn after the leaves have died back. Mature plants rarely need division and may sulk after being moved.
Bloom time
Most garden peonies flower from late May into June, sometimes stretching into early July in cooler northern gardens and Scotland. Single and semi-double forms usually withstand rain better than very full, heavy blooms. Flowers range from white and blush pink to crimson, coral and rich red.
Garden uses
Use peonies as long-term focal plants in sunny mixed borders, cottage gardens and cutting gardens. Their foliage makes a tidy green framework after flowering, especially among later perennials. Fragrant varieties are lovely near paths or seating, while single-flowered cultivars can offer accessible pollen and nectar for visiting insects.
Tips
Choose an RHS Award of Garden Merit cultivar where available and give it room to mature. Do not bury the crown beneath heavy mulch, and resist cutting too many leafy stems for indoor arrangements, as the leaves feed next year's flowers. If buds fail to open after rain, gently remove waterlogged outer petals.
Growing Peony: frequently asked questions
How do I grow peony in the UK?
Plant bare-root peony crowns from October to March, preferably in autumn while the soil is still warm.
When does peony flower?
Most garden peonies flower from late May into June, sometimes stretching into early July in cooler northern gardens and Scotland.
How do I care for peony?
Water newly planted peonies during dry spells in their first season.
General guidance for UK gardens. Timing and hardiness vary by region and season; the RHS or a local garden centre can advise for your area. Page updated 19 Sep 2026.