How to Grow Mulberry
Fruit Tree
Black mulberries are handsome, long-lived trees whose deeply flavoured summer fruit is rarely found in shops. 'Chelsea' and 'King James' are worthwhile choices for larger British gardens, combining ornamental character with a generous crop. Allow plenty of room and accept that fallen ripe berries stain paving, furniture and clothing.
Planting & rootstocks
Mulberries are usually supplied on their own roots or as named nursery trees rather than on familiar dwarfing fruit rootstocks, and eventually make broad trees. Plant bare-root specimens during dormancy from November to March, or container trees in mild weather. Dig a broad hole, plant at the previous soil mark, firm and water thoroughly. Stake only if the site is windy, and leave at least 6 m from buildings, paths and neighbouring trees. Mulch after planting.
Pollination
Most cultivated black mulberries, including 'Chelsea' and 'King James', are self-fertile and one tree will fruit. No pollination groups are used. A sheltered sunny position encourages insect activity when flowers open, but a second tree is not required. Seed-raised mulberries may vary greatly in sex and fruit quality, so buy a named cultivar where dependable fruit is the aim.
Care & pruning
Mulch annually with well-rotted organic matter and water young trees during dry periods; established trees are fairly drought tolerant. Feed only where growth is poor. Prune as little as possible, shaping while young and removing dead or crossing branches only when fully dormant in winter. Mulberries can bleed heavily if cut during active growth. Keep a clear circle around young trunks and avoid damaging shallow surface roots.
Years to bear
Mulberries are slow to settle. A named grafted or nursery-grown tree may fruit in 3 to 5 years, while seedlings can take much longer. Cropping generally improves steadily with maturity.
Harvest
Gather from late July through August, sometimes into September in cool seasons. Ripe berries turn deep purple-black, soften and release easily into a hand or sheet when the branch is lightly shaken. Pick little and often, as fruits ripen unevenly and quickly fall. Wear old clothes and keep juice away from porous surfaces.
Common problems
Birds are the chief competition for ripe fruit, and the staining crop can attract wasps. Aphids, scale insects and occasional leaf spot may occur, while young trees can suffer from drought or wind damage. Encourage insect-eating birds, wash off small aphid colonies with water, remove fallen diseased leaves, water during establishment and use netting only where it can be safely secured and regularly checked.
Growing Mulberry: frequently asked questions
How do I grow mulberry in the UK?
Mulberries are usually supplied on their own roots or as named nursery trees rather than on familiar dwarfing fruit rootstocks, and eventually make broad trees.
Does mulberry need a pollination partner?
Most cultivated black mulberries, including 'Chelsea' and 'King James', are self-fertile and one tree will fruit.
When is mulberry ready to harvest?
Gather from late July through August, sometimes into September in cool seasons.
General guidance for UK home growers. Variety and pollination needs vary; the RHS or a local garden centre can advise for your area. Page updated 18 Sep 2026.