Cabbage is a hardy brassica suited to gardens and allotments throughout the UK. By choosing spring, summer, autumn and winter varieties, you can harvest firm hearts in every season. Savoy, red and white types all earn their space.

When and how to sow

Raise seedlings in module trays, then transplant sturdy young plants rather than sowing a whole bed directly. Sow spring cabbage from July to September, summer and autumn crops from February to May, and winter varieties from April to May. Choose an open site, improve soil with garden compost and firm it thoroughly before planting. Set plants 30 to 60 cm apart according to the variety's final size.

Care

Keep soil consistently moist to produce dense heads and reduce splitting after dry weather. Hoe carefully to control weeds, and firm plants again if wind loosens them. Cover immediately with fine netting to exclude pigeons and cabbage white butterflies without restricting airflow.

Common problems

Cabbage white caterpillars can rapidly strip leaves, while aphids cluster in folds of foliage. Netting is the most dependable prevention. Club root causes swollen roots and stunted plants, so improve drainage, avoid moving infected soil and rotate brassicas around the allotment.

Harvest

Cut heads when they feel hard and well filled, using a sharp knife or secateurs. Harvest promptly if heavy rain follows a dry spell, as mature heads may split. Lift remaining roots after cropping and compost only healthy material.

Growing Cabbage: frequently asked questions

When should I sow cabbage in the UK?

Raise seedlings in module trays, then transplant sturdy young plants rather than sowing a whole bed directly.

What are common problems when growing cabbage?

Cabbage white caterpillars can rapidly strip leaves, while aphids cluster in folds of foliage.

When is cabbage ready to harvest?

Cut heads when they feel hard and well filled, using a sharp knife or secateurs.

General guidance for UK home gardens and allotments. Reference figures are typical values; your exact timing depends on your region, last-frost date and variety. Page updated 19 Sep 2026.