Garlic is an easy, satisfying crop for a sunny UK plot, with home-grown bulbs offering useful choice between hardneck and softneck types. Hardnecks suit colder areas and produce scapes, while softnecks often store especially well in milder gardens.

When and how to sow

Plant certified UK seed garlic from October to November, allowing roots to establish before winter. In very wet or cold northern sites, plant in February instead. Separate bulbs into individual cloves immediately before planting, keeping their skins intact. Set cloves pointed end upwards, 15 cm apart and about 5 cm deep, in rows 30 cm apart. Choose full sun and free-draining soil; do not use supermarket bulbs.

Care

Keep the bed weed-free, as garlic competes poorly, and water in dry spring weather while bulbs swell. Avoid soaking the soil. Remove scapes from hardneck varieties when they curl, then stop watering as lower leaves begin to yellow. A light compost mulch helps conserve moisture.

Common problems

Leek rust produces orange markings on leaves, particularly where air circulation is poor or plants are stressed. Rot is most likely in heavy, wet soil. Grow garlic in a new bed each year, use healthy seed cloves and remove soft or badly affected plants promptly.

Harvest

Lift bulbs from June to August when several lower leaves have yellowed but upper leaves remain green. Loosen soil with a fork rather than pulling stems. Cure whole plants in a dry, shaded, airy place for two to three weeks before cleaning and storing.

Growing Garlic: frequently asked questions

When should I sow garlic in the UK?

Plant certified UK seed garlic from October to November, allowing roots to establish before winter.

What are common problems when growing garlic?

Leek rust produces orange markings on leaves, particularly where air circulation is poor or plants are stressed.

When is garlic ready to harvest?

Lift bulbs from June to August when several lower leaves have yellowed but upper leaves remain green.

General guidance for UK home gardens and allotments. Reference figures are typical values; your exact timing depends on your region, last-frost date and variety. Page updated 19 Sep 2026.